A powerful decongestant, Ephedra contains ephedrine, which can clear bronchial passages. This herb has a controversial history due to being powerful stimulant that can raise blood pressure, cause insomnia and high blood pressure. The vast majority of adverse side effects have been related to the synthetic versions of Ephedra, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, and not with the use of the whole herb in its natural state. A list of medications that have reported interactions with the active ingredients contained in Ephedra are as follows:
Amphetamine and Amphetamine Derivatives- (such as dextroamphetamine sometimes used for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy.
Antidepressants- Especially the tricyclics such as clomipramine, desipramine, doxepin, imipramine, and nortriptyline and monoamine oxidase inhibitors(MAOIs)including phenelzine and trancylcypromine.
Aspirin- The effects of Ephedra can be multiplied when combined with aspirin.
Blood Pressure Medications- In particular clonidine.
Caffeine and Guarana - Sources of caffeine, such as coffee, and Guarana, a caffeine containing herb, should be avoided when using Ephedra. Ephedra can compound the effects of caffeine.
Narcotics such as morphine and codeine- prescribed for pain.
Codeine is also prescribed for cough.
Phenylpropanolamine - Known as norephedrine, this substance is found in certain supplements. It was also formerly included in many over the counter and prescription remedies for cough and cold. Norephedrine was removed from the market by the FDA because of risk of bleeding stroke. Norephedrine found in certain dietary supplements for weight loss, can cause liver damage.
Theophylline Used mainly in the treatment of asthma.
Also, it is not advised to mix Ephedra with heart medications or if you are being treated for high blood pressure, glaucoma or thyroid problems.